Introduction to IoT Technology

What is IoT Technology? How IoT Works?

IoT Characteristics & Features (With Definition & Examples)

What Are Benefits of IoT Technology? Top IoT Advantages

List of IoT Hardware Components and Devices

IoT Software Requirements & Programming Languages to Build Connectivity

IoT Ecosystem: Crucial Components of Internet of Things

Top 5 Biggest Challenges of IoT Technology and Main Issues

IoT Important Concepts

IoT Architecture Explained: IoT Architecture Diagram and Layers

IoT Stages and Components

IoT Protocols and Standards Explained

IoT Security

IoT Penetration Testing: Benefits, Methodology, Tools, Compliance

IoT Security (Challenges, Importance, Threats, Issues, Solution)

OWASP Top 10 IoT Security Risks

What is Identity Protection in IoT (Internet of Things)

IoT Security Tips: Top 5 Tips to Reduce Security Risks in IoT

What Are Liabilities in IoT (Internet of Things)?

Industrial IoT

What is Industrial IoT? How Does Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) Work?

What is Difference Between IoT and IIoT? (IoT vs IIoT Comparison)

IIoT Benefits: What Are Benefits of Industrial IoT?

Industrial IoT Components Explained (IIoT Components)

Top 16 Industrial IoT Applications (Uses of IoT in Industries)

Applications of Internet of Things

Top 8 Applications of IoT in Energy Management

The Top Applications of IoT in Biometric Industry

Use of IoT Camera: IoT Applications in Security Cameras

IoT for Smart Homes (Understanding Home Automation Using IoT)

IoT in Agriculture: Applications of Internet of Things for Agriculture

Healthcare IoT: What Are Applications of IoT in Healthcare?

IoT Tools and Platforms

What are IoT platforms?

Top 10 SaaS IoT Platforms in 2025 (Tools With Integrations)

PaaS IoT Platforms: Platform as a Service for IoT

On-Premise IoT Platforms and Examples

15 Best Open Source IoT Platforms (IoT Platforms, Software, Tools)

Internet of Things (IoT) - Certificate

Internet of Things (IoT) is among the hottest technologies today, with the number of connected devices reaching 43 billion by 2023. This modern technology has opened doors to massive opportunities for skilled professionals.&nbsp;
Learn all the important concepts of IoT in this Internet of Things Tutorial, including <a href="https://www.tutorialsfreak.com/internet-of-things-iot-tutorial/iot-ecosystem" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IoT ecosystem</a>, hardware, software, architecture, components, standards and protocols, security risks, liabilities, etc. The IoT tutorial for beginners also covers <a href="https://www.tutorialsfreak.com/internet-of-things-iot-tutorial/what-is-industrial-iot" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Industrial IoT</a>, benefits, applications, as well as top development platforms.

Internet of Things (IoT) - Example

Top 30+ IoT Interview Questions and Answers (2024)

Learn everything about Internet of Things in this comprehensive IoT Tutorial for beginners. All concepts covered in simple terms.

IoT Tutorial for Beginners (Internet of Things Full Guide)

Internet of Things (IoT) Tutorial

IoT Quiz Test (Internet of Things MCQ)

Learn all IoT concepts: from architecture, protocols, and security, to industrial IoT.

Internet of Things (IoT) Tutorial for Beginners

Understanding Stages of Internet of Things

Quiz!

<ul>
<li>
Hardware: Refers to the physical components.
</li>
<li>
Software: Includes software, information systems, and applications.
</li>
<li>
Middleware: Includes inter-software and information exchange network. It connects several computer applications.
</li>
</ul>
The architecture of an IoT system is made up of several levels that communicate with each other to connect the tangible objects to the virtual world of networks and the cloud. Not all projects adopt a similar architecture. However, it is possible to diagram the data path.
A sensor starts by taking measurements, such as temperature, pressure, CO2 rate, geolocation, etc.
The measurement taken by the sensor is then sent to the gateway using a first communication protocol. The gateway translates the protocols to establish communication between the objects and the network (public or private, often the cloud).&nbsp;
Sometimes, an intelligence embedded in the gateway allows the processing and storage of the data and the control functions of the object. For short-range protocols (Zigbee, Z-Wave, Wi-Fi, BLE, etc.), the gateway is local and often connects to the box of the internet service provider.&nbsp;
On the other hand, the gateway is located on the telecom operator's network for long-range protocols (Sigfox, LoRa, LTEM, NBIoT, 3G/4G, etc.). The gateway is located on the telecom operator's network.
<ul>
<li>
<h3 role="presentation">NarrowBand-IoT</h3>
</li>
</ul>
The NarrowBand-IoT, supported by telecommunications giants such as <a href="https://www.huawei.com/en/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Huawei</a>, <a href="https://www.qualcomm.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Qualcomm</a>, <a href="https://www.myvi.in/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Vodafone</a>, or even T-Mobile, uses the 200 kHz frequency band previously used for GSM.
This technology is better suited for large fleets of fixed devices and requires a low volume of data in terms of use because the information transfer rate is lower on NB-IoT than for LTE-M. Communication latency is not an issue here.
Use cases are telemetry for connected water or electricity meters or intelligent agriculture.
This solution even extends the life of the batteries up to 10 years.
In practice, the NarrowBand-IoT should offer a definite cost advantage over competing technologies due to a large ecosystem of suppliers.&nbsp;
However, this is only true in mass, and for the moment, NB-IoT is not still highly prevalent. We come back to the problem of the chicken and the egg.
<ul>
<li>
<h3 role="presentation">LTE-M</h3>
</li>
</ul>
LTE-M technology is the choice of the top operators around the globe, including AT&amp;T, Verizon, Orange, etc. It is gradually on the rise and making itself stand apart from NB-IoT.&nbsp;
This technology has the advantage of coexisting with existing networks and does not require the purchase of new compatible modems as for NB-IoT.
Unlike NB-IoT, LTE-M offers a faster data transfer rate (384 kb/s against 100 kb/s) which is a significant criterion for uploading the video, particularly in the world of video surveillance.
But what significantly differentiates LTE-M is that, unlike NB-IoT, it offers voice exchanges on the network and manages the mobility of objects above all. As a result, devices don't have to be fixed. Instead, they can move, which is essential for connected vehicles or applications for lone workers.
Opting for one of these technologies will depend directly on the operators and the services they plan to offer to businesses or connected cities, considering their uses and needs.
It also means that NB-IoT and LTE-M will coexist as they offer several benefits that meet the business models chosen by customers.
Some operators like KPN also choose to develop both solutions in parallel simultaneously.

What is the frequency of the NarrowBand-IoT?

Learn about the stages and components of the (IoT) internet of things, so you can better understand how it works. Also, solve the quizzes to test yourself.

Different Stages of IoT for Connectivity

Popular Courses

Popular Courses

Popular Courses

Popular Courses

Popular Courses

IoT Stages and Components

Table of Contents

Quiz!

What is the frequency of the NarrowBand-IoT?

Related Tutorials

AI Tutorial